You wrote you made sure that you have OpenJDK 17 (Temurin 17.0.17) installed on your machine.
But Katalon Studio will never use that JDK, your locally-installed OpenJDK, at all.
Are you aware of it?
Don’t you know that Katalon Studio (for Windows and Mac) bundles a Java-Runtime-Environment of v17 in it?
(Katalon Studio for Linux does not bundle JRE due to licensing restriction)